|
|
Things to do in Philadelphia
Historic Sites in the Philadelphia Area - As one of the nation"s oldest cities and first capital where the founding fathers formed a nation and around which many important battles were fought during the Revolutionary War, the Philadelphia area is home to many of the nation"s most historic sites.
- Franklin Square Opens for its Second Season

- Independence Seaport Museum
USS Olympia
Two historic and well traveled warships which are designated National Naval Landmarks are berthed at Penn's Landing as part of the Independence Seaport Museum.
- The Liberty Bell and Liberty Bell Center in Philadelphia, PA
The new $12.6 million Liberty Bell Center offers a video presentation and exhibits about the Liberty Bell, focusing on its origins and its modern day role as an international icon of freedom. Check out our photo tour of the new Liberty Bell Center.
- National Constitution Center, Philadelphia, PA
Celebrating its third anniversary in 2006, the National Constitution Center has become one of the region's most popular attractions. With major exhibits scheduled in the next year, we can expect attendance to increase dramatically as more locals and visitors discover this attraction, equal to those along the Mall in Washington D.C.
- Once Upon a Nation Returns Bringing Storytelling to Historic Philadelphia
I'm sure we all remember the nights when one of our parents told us a story as we laid in bed. Most of us remember sitting with a grandparent or elderly aunt or uncle hearing stories from the family's past when he or she was young. Storytelling has always been an important part of our lives and now the art of storytelling returns for a second year to Philadelphia's historic district with the May 27 start of Once Upon a Nation.
Top Ten Places in Historic Philadelphia
- Betsy Ross House
239 Arch Street (between Second and Third Streets)
Philadelphia, PA 19106-1915
215-627-5343
Admission Fee: Suggested Donation, $2 adults, $1 children
Located on Arch Street about two blocks from the U.S. Mint, the Betsy Ross House is where Betsy Ross and her husband John lived from 1773-1786. The house was never actually owned by Mr. and Mrs. Ross. They rented it and ran their upholstery business out of the house.
Upholsterers were often chosen as flagmakers in colonial times. It was in this house or the one next door, where the garden now stands, that Betsy Ross sewed the first American flag. Betsy Ross herself was quite an interesting woman, with much tragedy in her life. You can find out all about her life and the history of Old Glory at the Betsy Ross House.
- Carpenters' Hall
320 Chestnut Street (between Third and Fourth Streets)
Philadelphia, PA 19106-2708
215-925-0167
Admission: Free
Carpenters' Hall was built in 1770 by the Carpenters' Company of the City and County of Philadelphia, a guild founded in 1724 to help its members develop architectural skills and to aid their families in times of need.
- Christ Church
2nd Street above Market Street
Philadelphia PA 19106
215-922-1695
Admission: Free - but donations are welcome.
Christ Church is one of America's most historic churches. The church was built between 1727 and 1754 in the reign of George II. Many of our founding fathers worshiped here including Benjamin Franklin, Francis Hopkinson, Robert Morris and George Washington.
It remains an active parish of the Protestant Episcopal Church in America.
The church's steeple, at 196-feet high is one of the most visible landmarks of the city. The Church's burial ground is the resting place of many famous individuals including Benjamin Franklin, Commodore William Bainbridge and five signers of the Declaration of Independence.
- Edgar Allen Poe National Historic Site
532 North Seventh St.
Philadelphia, PA 19123
215-597-8780
Admission: Free
Operated by the National Park Service, this historic site consists of three buildings and a park area. Visitors can enjoy a number of exhibits about Poe's life, including an audio-visual presentation, as well as a tour of the house, though it is not furnished.
Poe's own furnishings disappeared without a trace, a fact which may be viewed with some irony. Thus, with no evidence as to the original furnishings, the house remains bare today.
Poe resided in the house from 1838-1844 and it was here that he wrote many of his most famous works including: "Murders in the Rue Morgue", "The Pit and the Pendulum". The Tell-Tale Heart" and "The Cask of Amontillado".
- Elfreth's Alley
off Second Street
between Arch and Race Streets
Philadelphia, PA
215-574-0560
Admission: Maximum $5 per family; $2 for adults; $1 for children age 5-18; under age 5 free; school groups free.
Elfreth's Alley is a National Historic Landmark. It is the oldest continually inhabited street in the United States. Many of the Alley's 33 houses were built prior to our nation's birth, some dating back to 1702. Most of the homes remain private residences today.
Former residents were generally craftsmen and sea captains, as well as others in the shipping industry, which was Philadelphia’s driving economic force in colonial times. Many of the houses are open to the public on certain occasions such as the first weekend of December and first weekend in June. For the rest of the year, only #124 and #126 are open to the public.
The Elfreth's Alley Museum, is open 320 days a year for guided tours, and also features a lovely garden and gift shop with Colonial memorabilia and handcrafted gifts.
- Franklin Court
316-322 Market Street (between 3rd and 4th Street)
also accessible from Chestnut Street
Philadelphia, PA
215-597-8974
Admission: Free
One of the most interesting and unique places in Philadelphia, especially for those interested in archeology.
The court itself features a steel "ghost structure" frame of where Benjamin Franklin's house once stood. You can look through portals in the ground to see into Franklin's privy pits, wells, and foundation.
There is an underground museum which is filled with paintings, objects, and inventions associated with Benjamin Franklin. The museum also features an excellent film about Franklin's life.
The 318 Market Street building allows you to see walls that are fully exposed to show wooden joists and to allow you to see how the building was constructed.
- Independence Hall
Chestnut Street between 5th and 6th Streets
Philadelphia, PA
215 597-8974
Admission: Free - by tour only
Built between 1732 and 1756 as the State House of the Province of Pennsylvania, Independence Hall is considered a fine example of Georgian architecture. From 1775 to 1783 this was the meeting place for the Second Continental Congress.
It was here that George Washington was appointed commander in chief of the Continental Army in 1775 and the Declaration of Independence was adopted on July 4, 1776. In the Assembly Room the design of the American flag was agreed upon in 1777, the Articles of Confederation were adopted in 1781, and the U. S. Constitution was drafted in 1787.
The building has undergone extensive restoration work in recent years. In order to visit Independence Hall, tickets for a tour must be obtained from the ticket booth located directly across from the building on Chestnut Street.
- Liberty Bell
Market Street between 5th and 6th Streets
Philadelphia, PA
215 597-8974
Admission: Free
While construction continues on a new and exciting pavilion to house this symbol of our nation's freedom, the Liberty remains housed in a building on the green across from Independence Hall.
As the official bell of the Pennsylvania State House (today called Independence Hall) the bell rang many times for public announcements, but its most famous ringing occurred on July 8, 1776 when it rang to announce the first public reading of the Declaration of Independence.
By 1846 a thin crack began to affect the sound of the bell. The bell was repaired in 1846 and rang for a George Washington birthday celebration, but the bell cracked again and has not been rung since. No one knows why the bell cracked either time.
Recently the Liberty Bell was attacked by a man brandishing a small hammer. Security has recently been upgraded.
- Penn's Landing
Columbus Avenue between South and Vine Streets
Philadelphia, PA
Admission: Varies by attraction
The Penn's Landing area of Philadelphia marks the area where William Penn first set ashore to found the City of Philadelphia.
It is an area that has seen much change, development and redevelopment in recent years. A new entertainment center is slated to be built on much of the area, however, the commencement of construction has been delayed several times in recent years. Construction will take place over what is today referred to as the Great Plaza, home to many cultural and ethnic events throughout the year as well as major concerts and festivals.
Also located at Penn's Landing is the Independence Seaport Museum, which includes the S.S. Becuna, a World War II submarine as well as the U.S.S. Olympia, Commodore Dewey's flagship at the 1898 Battle of Manila Bay.
- Society Hill
Located between the Delaware River and 5th Street
bounded by Walnut Street to the North and Lombard Street to the South
Admission: Free
When you have had enough of the crowds at the historic sites of Old City, there's no better place to take a stroll than through Society Hill. If you're like most folks, you'll probably decide to wander over to South Street to eat and explore the unique shops of Philadelphia's most eclectic street.
费城历史简介 – History Of Philadephia
费城(Philadelphia;直译费拉德尔菲亚),也常被简称为“菲利”(Philly),有时也有人称“友爱之市”(City of Brotherly Love),为美国第五大城,并且是宾夕法尼亚州人口最多,面积最大的城市。从1854年起,费城市和费城郡(Philadelphia County)为两个并行的地方政府,而从1952年起,市与郡共有一个政府组织,但费城郡仍属宾州州政府下的一个独立的郡。至2004年7月1日止,估计费城人口有1,470,151人。费城城中心的居住人口数在全美国排名第三,仅次于纽约(New York)与芝加哥(Chicago)。
以现在美国官方的定义而言,费城都会区的面积大小排名全美第四,共约六百二十万人居住其中,但若以其他定义来衡量,费城排名第六,次于旧金山湾区(San Francisco Bay Area)与华盛顿-巴尔的摩(Washington-Baltimore)都会区。费城是德拉瓦山谷(Delaware Valley)都会区的中心城市。
费城是美国最老、最具历史意义的城市,它在美国史上有非常重要的地位。在十八世纪时,费城是美国第二大城与人口最多的城市,在当时,它的政治与社会重要性超过纽约与波士顿,本杰明·富兰克林(Benjamin Franklin)对费城的兴起贡献良多。
自从1854年通过“合并法案”(Act of Consolidation)后,费城市的边界就与费城郡相同。在此之前,费城市只在南街(South Street)、葡萄街(Vine Street)与德拉瓦河(Delaware River)与司库河(Schuylkill River)之间的区域。费城后来扩张至周围的西费城(West Philadelphia)、北费城(North Philadelphia与东北费城(Northeast Philadelphia)同时也包括了几个小型的聚落如罗布鲁(Roxborough)、马拉扬克(Manayunk)、艾利山(Mount Airy)与栗树丘(Chestnut .0费城同时是全美最大的大学城(college town)之一,在市区就有超过120,000名大学生就读市区的学院与大学,周遭的都会区也有接近300,000名的大学与学院学生。
历史
在欧洲人来之前,住在德拉瓦区的印地安人聚落(雷纳佩族(Lenape))称为夏卡马松(Shacamaxon)位于现今的费城市,特别是德国城(Germantown)周围的区域。虽然整个区城在1632年称为马里兰租地,但是卡尔维特(Calvert)家族却没有到这么远的地方来。瑞典移民是第一个到这个区域的,称费城为维卡可卡,1646年,瑞典传教士在丁尼肯岛(Tinicum Island)创立教会,1700年这个团体建立了光荣教堂(Gloria Dei Church)。
费城是由桂格教徒(Quaker)—威廉·潘恩(William Penn)建立与规划的,费城(Philadelphia)这个名字是在希腊文中的意思是指“友爱之市”(Φιλαδέλφια)。潘恩希望费城这个由他建立的移民城市,能够基于自由与宗教融合的原则下发展,成为一个典范。早期桂格教徒或是其他人在购买市区的土地时,同时必须也要购买城郊的农地,这个做法,能够让城区的人口能够很容易的往外发展。潘恩另外考量到火灾与传染病,这两种在当时为伦敦或是其他大城市常见的问题,因此他在市区规划了许多小巷子与开放的公共空间。
费城在美国独立战争时,是独立运动的重要中心,独立宣言与美国宪法都是在费城市的独立厅(Independence Hall)起草与签署的。美国海军于1775年11月10日在费城成立,当时山缪·尼可拉斯于大桶酒吧(Tun Tavern)招募士兵。
美国独立战争时,费城居民分裂为保皇派和革命派。 当英军于1777年占领费城时,许多保皇派居民夹道欢迎英军并高唱“上帝保佑吾皇”。当美军于1778年夺回费城时,轮到革命派居民夹道欢迎, 大肆庆祝。 尤其是因为在英军占领时,大量补给提供给了英军,这些居民度过了一个困苦的冬季。大约3000保皇派随英军逃走, 45名留在费城的保皇派以战时通敌罪受审, 两个人被定罪并处以绞刑。
在十八世纪时,费城曾在美洲是墨西哥市(Mexico City)北方最大的城市,也是英国属地中,第四大城,仅次于伦敦、布里斯托(Bristol)与都柏林(Dublin)。
1790年,在美国南方多数的国会议员与当时的财政部长—亚历山大·汉米尔敦(Alexandra Hemilton)的协议之下,美国 政府在搬至现在的华盛顿特区前(Washington, D. C)曾由纽约的联邦厅(Federal Hall)搬至费城的国会厅(Congress Hall)。为了换取让美国首都设于波多马克河畔(Potomac River),国会议员通过当时汉米尔敦的财政计划,费城因此成为美国首都有十年之久,直到华盛顿特区的国会山庄建筑完工并开始使用才结束。
费城早期为铁路运输中心,并且是世界最大的蒸气火车制造商—包德温的所在地,这家公司后来搬到宾州的艾迪史顿(Eddy stone, Pennsylvania)。宾州铁路公司(Pennsylvania Railroad)曾是美国最大的铁路公司,不论在营收上与运量上,均是美国第一,而且还曾是世界上最大的交通运输公司,这家公司的营运总部位于费城。
1876年费城举办世界博览会与百年纪念展,1926年,费城举办美国的一百五十周年博览会来庆祝美国一百五十岁生日。1976年,费城也是美国举办立国两百周年活动的城市之一。
经济
费城市的经济活动主要以制造业、食品加工业与金融服务业为主。费城市有自己的证券交易所。
费城市许多财星杂志上排名前五百大企业的根据地,包括网络与有线电视公司Comcast,保险公司CIGNA与林肯金融集团,石油公司Sunoco、食品服务公司Aramark、Rohm 与 Haas公司,制药公司葛兰素史克药厂(GlaxoSmithKline)、波音集团的直升机部门与汽车零件商Pep Boys。
联邦政府也在费城市的占有重要的角色,费城在华盛顿特区成为美国首府之前,曾是美国首都,留下了一些政府部门,如美国国家制币厂的东岸分部,就位于费城的历史特区附近,而联邦储备银行的费城分部,也在同一区。
因为宾州铁路公司的关系,费城的美国铁路位于三十街的车站,有一定的规模,从高速公路上,就可以看到壮观的建筑。美国铁路提供了不少有关行车服务、营运与铁路维护的工作机会。
美国政府曾在费城,因此费城也有不少的法律事务所,另外,宾州大学(University of Pennsylvania)与天普大学(Temple University)的法学院都非常有名,也是费城成为美国的一个法律相关服务重镇的主要原因之一。
|
|
|